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Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression
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Affective working memory in depression.

Annabel Songco1, Shivam D Patel2, Katy Dawes2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Working memory capacity is impaired in depression, especially with negative emotional distractors. However, emotional context did not worsen working memory performance in individuals with a history of depression.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Depression is linked to executive functioning deficits, particularly in working memory (WM).
  • Theoretical models suggest affective contexts exacerbate these WM difficulties in depression.
  • Previous research on affective WM in depression has yielded inconsistent findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate affective working memory (WM) capacity in individuals with current depression, in remission from depression, and healthy controls.
  • To determine if affective contexts disproportionately impair WM capacity in depressed individuals.
  • To compare WM performance across neutral and affective (negative distractor) contexts.

Main Methods:

  • A preregistered complex span task was employed to assess WM capacity.
  • Participants included individuals with current depression (n=24), in remission (n=25), and healthy controls (n=30).
  • WM capacity was measured using performance in neutral versus negative distractor image conditions.

Main Results:

  • Overall WM capacity was significantly impaired in the presence of negative distractor images compared to neutral images.
  • Individuals with any lifetime history of depression (current or remitted) performed worse than healthy controls.
  • No evidence supported a greater disruption of WM capacity in affective versus neutral contexts for those with a lifetime history of depression.

Conclusions:

  • While overall WM capacity is reduced in depression and sensitive to negative distractors, the hypothesized affective exacerbation was not supported.
  • Findings contribute to understanding executive function deficits in depression and inform theoretical models.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the precise role of affective context in depression-related WM impairments.