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Terrorist attacks against emergency departments.

Gregory Jasani1, Reem Alfalasi2, Stephen Y Liang3

  • 1University of Maryland School of Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|November 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Terrorist attacks targeting emergency departments (EDs), though rare, can cause significant casualties and disrupt critical healthcare services. Understanding past attacks on EDs is crucial for improving future disaster response and mitigating violence.

Keywords:
Disaster medicineEmergency department securityEmergency managementMass casualty incidentTerrorism

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Security Studies

Background:

  • Emergency departments (EDs) are vital for community disaster response.
  • Terrorist attacks on EDs pose a significant threat to emergency response systems.
  • Past incidents offer lessons for mitigating future violence against healthcare facilities.

Approach:

  • A comprehensive search of the Global Terrorism Database (GTD) was conducted from 1970 to 2018.
  • Healthcare-specific incidents were identified using terms like "doctor," "nurses," and "hospital."
  • The search was refined to focus on terrorist attacks specifically targeting EDs.

Key Points:

  • Six terrorist attacks targeting EDs were identified across five countries between 1991 and 2016.
  • Explosive devices were the primary method used in the majority of these attacks.
  • These attacks resulted in 57 fatalities and 26 injuries.

Conclusions:

  • Attacks on EDs are infrequent but carry a high potential for loss of life.
  • Disruptions to healthcare services following an attack can exacerbate casualties.
  • Preparedness strategies are essential to protect EDs and ensure continuity of care during crises.