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Lifestyle factors play a critical role in maintaining overall health and preventing chronic diseases. Key elements, such as regular physical activity, a nutritious diet, and abstinence from smoking, can significantly enhance physical, mental, and emotional well-being while reducing the risk of several life-threatening conditions.
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Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Methodology for Establishing a Community-Wide Life Laboratory for Capturing Unobtrusive and Continuous Remote Activity and Health Data
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Associations between data-driven lifestyle profiles and cognitive function in the AusDiab study.

Sara E Dingle1, Steven J Bowe2, Melissa Bujtor3,4

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A data-driven approach identified lifestyle profiles in Australian adults. Moderate activity and non-smoking were linked to better cognitive function, suggesting targeted interventions for dementia risk reduction.

Keywords:
Australian adultsCognitionData-drivenLatent Profile AnalysisLifestyle patterns

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Cognitive Science
  • Public Health and Lifestyle Medicine

Background:

  • Growing evidence supports combined modifiable lifestyle factors in reducing cognitive decline and dementia risk.
  • Traditional additive scoring methods exist, but data-driven approaches for lifestyle-cognition associations are less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between data-driven lifestyle profiles and cognitive function in Australian adults.
  • To identify distinct subgroups based on lifestyle patterns and their cognitive implications.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 4561 Australian adults using questionnaires for lifestyle data (diet, physical activity, smoking, alcohol).
  • Cognitive function assessed via tests for memory, processing speed, and vocabulary/verbal knowledge.
  • Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) identified lifestyle profiles; linear regression and BCH approach examined associations with cognitive outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Three distinct lifestyle profiles were identified: 'Inactive, poor diet' (76.3%), 'Moderate activity, non-smokers' (18.7%), and 'Highly active, unhealthy drinkers' (5.0%).
  • The 'Moderate activity, non-smokers' profile showed superior processing speed compared to the 'Inactive, poor diet' profile.
  • The 'Highly active, unhealthy drinkers' profile indicated potential deficits in vocabulary, verbal knowledge, processing speed, and memory.

Conclusions:

  • A subgroup of Australian adults with moderate activity and non-smoking habits demonstrated better cognitive function.
  • Latent Profile Analysis effectively identifies at-risk subgroups for dementia.
  • Findings support the use of lifestyle-based multidomain interventions for cognitive health and dementia prevention.