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Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Quantification of Heavy Metals and Other Inorganic Contaminants on the Productivity of Microalgae
Published on: July 10, 2015
Transfer organic chloramines to monochloramine using two-step chlorination: A method to inhibit N-DBPs formation in
Da Sheng1, Lingjun Bu1, Shumin Zhu1
1Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
Abstract:
Organic chloramines formed in chlorination of algae-containing water are typical precursors of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DPBs). The objective to simultaneously enhance the removal efficiency of organic chloramines and control DBP formation remains a challenge. In this study, we report a two-step chlorination strategy for transferring organic chloramines to monochloramine based on the decomposition mechanisms of mono- and di-organic chloramines, which could limit organic chloramines formation and inhibit N-DBPs formation. We demonstrated that two-step chlorination could decrease the organic chloramines formation by nearly 50% than conventional one-step chlorination. Furthermore, two-step chlorination not only blocked the pathway that organic chloramines decomposed to nitriles, but also led to the conversion of organic chloramines to monochloramine. During two-step chlorination of algal organic matter, the organic chloramine transfer proportion decreased by 6.5% and the monochloramine transfer proportion increased by 17.0%. The N-DBP formation, especially haloacetonitriles (HANs), decreased significantly as organic nitrogen became inorganic nitrogen (monochloramine) in two-step chlorination. This work further clarified the process from algal organic matter to N-DBPs, which could expand our understanding of algae-derived organic chloramines removal and DBPs control.
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