Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery
04:48

Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery

Published on: November 28, 2018

8.0K

Prognostic value of left atrial volume index in degenerative mitral stenosis

Idit Yedidya1,2, Steele C Butcher1,3, Jan Stassen1,4

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.

The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
|November 29, 2022
PubMed

Insights

An enlarged left atrial volume index (LAVI) in degenerative mitral stenosis (DMS) patients is linked to higher mortality. This echocardiographic measure independently predicts prognosis in DMS, highlighting its clinical significance.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Clinical Prognostics

Background:

  • Degenerative mitral stenosis (DMS) carries a poor prognosis.
  • Mean transmitral gradient (TMG) correlates with outcomes, but other echocardiographic markers require investigation.
  • Left atrial volume index (LAVI) is a potential prognostic indicator in DMS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prognostic value of left atrial volume index (LAVI) in patients with degenerative mitral stenosis (DMS).

Main Methods:

  • 155 patients with DMS were analyzed.
  • Patients were categorized by LAVI: normal (≤ 34 ml/m2) versus enlarged (> 34 ml/m2).
  • Outcomes were assessed over a median follow-up of 25 months.

Main Results:

  • Enlarged LAVI was associated with higher left ventricular mass index and increased prevalence of mitral regurgitation and severe aortic stenosis.
  • Patients with enlarged LAVI experienced significantly worse prognosis and higher all-cause mortality (p = 0.026).
  • In multivariable analysis, enlarged LAVI independently predicted all-cause mortality (HR 2.009, P = 0.038).

Conclusions:

  • An enlarged LAVI (> 34 ml/m2) is significantly associated with increased mortality in DMS patients.
  • LAVI emerged as the sole independent predictor of prognosis after adjusting for confounders.
  • LAVI is a valuable prognostic tool for patients with degenerative mitral stenosis.
Abstract

Keywords:
Degenerative mitral stenosisLeft atrial volume indexPrognosis

More Related Videos

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

4.0K
Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Anatomy and Function in Adult Rats08:09

Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Anatomy and Function in Adult Rats

Published on: December 13, 2019

21.4K

Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
29
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
25
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
35
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
28
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
36
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
31