Physiotherapy for Multiple Sclerosis Patients From Early to Transition Phase: A Scoping Review

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

• Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological condition impacting personal, professional, and social development.
• Affecting 2.2 million globally, MS often involves regular relapses and complex symptom management.
• The disease's complexity necessitates integrated approaches, combining pharmacology with neurorehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the importance of a systematic approach to managing multiple sclerosis.
• To emphasize the role of physiotherapy modalities in rehabilitation.
• To discuss the benefits of exercise and tailored physical therapy programs for individuals with MS.

Main Methods:

• Review of physiotherapy interventions including kinesiotherapy, exercise rehabilitation, massage, and hydrotherapy.
• Emphasis on early physical therapist assessment for customized exercise programs.
• Comparison of hospital-based versus home-based rehabilitation effectiveness.

Main Results:

• Physical exercise can mitigate akinesia and enhance bodily system functioning in MS patients.
• Early, individualized physical therapy programs are advised for optimal outcomes.
• Both hospital-based and home-based rehabilitation show benefits, with hospital programs potentially having a higher impact.

Conclusions:

• A systematic approach integrating pharmacology and neurorehabilitation is essential for managing MS.
• Physiotherapy, particularly exercise, plays a vital role in improving functional capacity.
• Tailored rehabilitation programs, considering factors like COVID-19 impacts, are crucial for MS patient well-being.