Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
03:53

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses

Published on: November 10, 2023

1.3K

Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Pathophysiology and Translational Perspectives

Francesco P Cancro1, Michele Bellino1, Luca Esposito1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy.

Translational Medicine @ Unisa
|November 30, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause acute coronary syndromes (ACS) through direct cell damage, inflammation, and thrombosis. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for managing high-risk patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are a potential complication in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
  • The direct causal link and underlying mechanisms remain under investigation.
  • COVID-19 is associated with systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the pathophysiological mechanisms linking COVID-19 to ACS.
  • To differentiate between Type 1 and Type 2 myocardial infarction in the context of COVID-19.
  • To inform therapeutic strategies for high-risk COVID-19 patients experiencing ACS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of proposed pathophysiological pathways.
  • Analysis of mechanisms contributing to prothrombotic state.
  • Examination of factors leading to oxygen supply-demand imbalance.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 may induce ACS via direct cellular damage, endothelial dysfunction, and systemic inflammation, promoting thrombosis and plaque instability (Type 1 MI).
  • Severe hypoxia, sepsis, and other critical conditions in COVID-19 can cause myocardial oxygen supply-demand mismatch (Type 2 MI).
  • Endothelial dysfunction plays a key role in COVID-19-associated thrombosis and vasospasm.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 presents multiple pathways that can precipitate acute coronary syndromes.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for effective clinical management of COVID-19 patients with ACS.
  • Further research into these pathways can guide targeted therapies for this vulnerable population.

Keywords:
Acute coronary syndromesCOVID-19Coronary artery diseaseEndothelial dysfunctionMyocardial infarctionNovel coronavirus 2019Oxidative stressSARS-CoV-2

More Related Videos

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-208:41

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2

Published on: November 5, 2021

2.9K
A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis18:11

A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis

Published on: December 28, 2012

24.3K

Related Concept Videos

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
34
Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
56
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
23
Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care01:28

Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care

IntroductionThe management of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) aims to minimize myocardial damage, preserve myocardial function, and prevent complications.Initial ManagementInpatient management involves continuous cardiac monitoring, preferably in an ICU, focusing on blood pressure, serum sodium, potassium, and creatinine levels, and urine output. Ongoing pharmacologic management is crucial for stabilizing the patient.Supplemental Oxygen: Administer supplemental oxygen if oxygen saturation is...
22
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
46
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
20