"Racing-stripe" Modification of Radial Forearm Free Flap: Technique and Experience (704 Consecutive Cases)

The radial forearm fasciocutaneous free flap (RFFF) has proven to be a versatile and reliable tool for the reconstructive microsurgeon when addressing soft-tissue defects. A significant drawback of the traditional RFFF is related to donor site morbidity and wound healing complications, especially when coverage of sizable defects is planned. The authors describe the "racing-stripe" modification of the RFFF (RS-RFFF) that involves harvesting a large segment of the deep forearm fascia with a narrow strip of skin overlying the radial vessels, thus allowing primary closure of the donor site.

Retrospective chart review was conducted of a single surgeon's (E.G.M.) experience of patients who underwent RS-RFFF.

Seven hundred four RS-RFFFs were performed in 698 patients over a 19-year period (2000-2019) for lower extremity reconstruction (657 flaps, 93.3%), upper extremity reconstruction (32 flaps, 4.5%), and head and neck reconstruction (15 flaps, 2.1%). Wounds secondary to trauma were the most common reason for flap reconstruction (655 wounds, 93.8%). Five hundred four RS-RFFFs were used for soft-tissue defects of the foot (129 flaps, 18.3%), ankle (309 flaps, 43.9%), and heel (66 flaps, 9.4%; 27 of which provided coverage for Achilles tendon repair or exposure). There were three flap losses (0.4%). Limb salvage rate was 100% for extremity wounds. Forearm donor site wound complications were minimal.

The RS-RFFF can be consistently and safely harvested and permits low-profile, reliable coverage of small-to-medium size soft-tissue defects. Primary closure of the donor site is possible in all cases, thus minimizing wound healing complications.