Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Van der Waals Interactions01:24

Van der Waals Interactions

64.5K
Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.
64.5K
Molecular Orbital Theory II03:51

Molecular Orbital Theory II

19.5K
Molecular Orbital Energy Diagrams
19.5K
Valence Bond Theory and Hybridized Orbitals02:38

Valence Bond Theory and Hybridized Orbitals

19.9K
According to valence bond theory, a covalent bond results when: (1) an orbital on one atom overlaps an orbital on a second atom, and (2) the single electrons in each orbital combine to form an electron pair. The strength of a covalent bond depends on the extent of overlap of the orbitals involved. Maximum overlap is possible when the orbitals overlap on a direct line between the two nuclei.
A σ bond (single bond in a Lewis structure) is a covalent bond in which the electron density is...
19.9K
Valence Bond Theory02:45

Valence Bond Theory

32.7K
Overview of Valence Bond Theory
32.7K
MO Theory and Covalent Bonding02:40

MO Theory and Covalent Bonding

10.8K
The molecular orbital theory describes the distribution of electrons in molecules in a manner similar to the distribution of electrons in atomic orbitals. The region of space in which a valence electron in a molecule is likely to be found is called a molecular orbital. Mathematically, the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) generates molecular orbitals. Combinations of in-phase atomic orbital wave functions result in regions with a high probability of electron density, while...
10.8K
Chemical Bonds02:40

Chemical Bonds

17.1K

Atoms participate in a chemical bond formation to acquire a completed valence-shell electron configuration similar to that of the noble gas nearest to it in atomic number. Ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds are some of the important types of chemical bonds. Bond energy and bond length determine the strength of a chemical bond.
Types of Chemical Bonds
An ionic bond is formed due to electrostatic attraction between cations and anions. Often, the ions are formed by the transfer of electrons...
17.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Trends in anxiety and depressive symptoms among adults in Norway based on eight population-based surveys from 1995 to 2024.

Discover mental health·2026
Same author

Helium spin-echo as a surface-sensitive probe of vibrational energy dissipation.

Faraday discussions·2026
Same author

A Kinetic-Thermodynamic Synergy to Enhance {110} Texture for Stable Lithium Metal Anodes.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

The Hidden Routes of DNA Photostability: Charge and Proton Transfer in Excited Cytosine-Guanine Tetramers.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

Beyond the two-conformer model: boat conformers provide stereoselectivity in S<sub>N</sub>1-type glycosylations of <i>manno</i>-type donors.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Oseltamivir aziridines are potent influenza neuraminidase inhibitors and imaging agents.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations
13:56

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations

Published on: October 12, 2019

7.7K

How does tuning the van der Waals bonding strength affect adsorbate structure?

Philipp Maier1, Neubi F Xavier2, Chris L Truscott3

  • 1Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria. philipp.maier@tugraz.at.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|November 30, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Pyrazine forms a stable, ordered layer on graphite due to enhanced van der Waals bonding from nitrogen atoms. This finding is crucial for designing advanced organic electronic materials and carbon nanomaterials.

More Related Videos

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework
11:38

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

Published on: February 1, 2020

16.1K
Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics
10:52

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics

Published on: April 12, 2019

12.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations
13:56

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations

Published on: October 12, 2019

7.7K
In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework
11:38

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

Published on: February 1, 2020

16.1K
Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics
10:52

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics

Published on: April 12, 2019

12.9K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Organic molecular thin-films are essential for electronic devices like transistors and memory devices.
  • Understanding atomic-scale interactions in aromatic carbon systems is critical for designing organic thin-films and carbon-based nanomaterials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the binding and structure of pyrazine adsorbed on a graphite surface.
  • To compare the stability and growth of pyrazine overlayers with those of benzene on graphite.

Main Methods:

  • Neutron diffraction and spin-echo measurements were used to study the ordered phase of deuterated pyrazine on graphite.
  • Scattering simulations and van der Waals corrected density functional theory calculations complemented the experimental data.

Main Results:

  • The lattice constant of pyrazine on graphite was determined to be (6.06 ± 0.02) Å.
  • Pyrazine overlayers exhibited significantly higher thermodynamic stability (up to 320 K) and layer-by-layer growth compared to benzene.
  • Increased van der Waals bonding, attributed to the nitrogen atoms in pyrazine, was identified as the cause for enhanced stability.

Conclusions:

  • The presence of nitrogen atoms in pyrazine strengthens van der Waals interactions, leading to more stable self-assembled overlayers on graphite.
  • These findings provide insights into the design principles for robust organic thin-films and nanomaterials with tailored electronic properties.