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Characterization of Domestication Loci Associated with Awn Development in Rice.

Ngoc Ha Luong¹, Sangshetty G Balkunde², Kyu-Chan Shim¹

¹Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea.

Rice (New York, N.Y.)

|November 30, 2022

Summary

Researchers identified two quantitative trait loci (QTLs), qAwn4 and qAwn9, controlling rice awn length. LABA1 is the causal gene for qAwn4, while OsbZIP76 is a strong candidate for qAwn9, offering targets for improving rice harvesting.

Keywords:

Awn development O. minuta Quantitative trait loci Rice qAwn9

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Area of Science:

Plant genetics
Crop science
Molecular biology

Background:

Seed awns are undesirable in rice (Oryza sativa L.) harvesting and processing.
Awn loss was a key trait during rice domestication, but its genetic basis remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To genetically analyze and characterize genes responsible for awn development in rice.
To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) influencing awn length and pinpoint causal genes.

Main Methods:

Developed a mapping population from a cross between Korean indica cultivar 'Milyang23' and NIL4/9.
Mapped two major QTLs, qAwn4 and qAwn9, on chromosomes 4 and 9.
Utilized comparative sequencing and haplotype analysis to identify candidate genes, including LABA1 and OsbZIP76.

Main Results:

Identified LABA1 as the causal gene for qAwn4.
Mapped qAwn9 to a 199-kb region on chromosome 9, with OsbZIP76 as a strong candidate gene.
Discovered tropical-japonica specific variants in the qAwn9 region, explaining previous non-detection.

Conclusions:

The O. minuta qAwn9 allele represents a major QTL for awn development.
LABA1 and OsbZIP76 are key genetic factors controlling rice awn length.
These findings provide molecular targets for understanding and potentially modifying awn traits in rice breeding programs.