Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Green Algae01:21

Green Algae

94
Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
94
Factors Influencing Microbial Growth: Temperature01:27

Factors Influencing Microbial Growth: Temperature

107
Microorganisms display remarkable adaptations, enabling them to thrive in diverse ecological niches across a wide range of temperatures. Temperature profoundly influences microbial growth by affecting enzymatic activity, membrane fluidity, and other cellular processes.Each microorganism operates within a specific temperature range defined by three cardinal points: minimum, optimum, and maximum. Below the minimum temperature, membranes lose fluidity, halting transport processes. Above the...
107
Surface Membrane Barriers01:18

Surface Membrane Barriers

1.3K
The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
1.3K
Microbial Morphologies01:29

Microbial Morphologies

238
Bacterial and archaeal cells exhibit remarkable diversity in shape and structure, critical in their adaptability and functionality. Among bacteria, the most commonly observed shapes include cocci and bacilli. Cocci are spherical and may exist singly or in groupings such as pairs (diplococci), chains (streptococci), clusters (staphylococci), or tetrads. Bacilli, in contrast, are rod-shaped and can also occur as single cells, in pairs, or chains, depending on their environmental and genetic...
238
Hyperthermophilic Bacteria01:21

Hyperthermophilic Bacteria

66
Domain Bacteria includes some unique hyperthermophilic species. They exhibit remarkable adaptations that enable survival in extreme environments.Thermotoga species are rod-shaped, gram-negative, non-sporulating hyperthermophiles that form a sheath-like envelope called a toga. They ferment sugars or starch, producing lactate, acetate, CO₂, and H₂, and can also grow via anaerobic respiration using H₂ and ferric iron. Found in hot springs and hydrothermal vents, over 20% of their...
66
Physical Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth: Temperature01:23

Physical Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth: Temperature

194
Heat is a widely used method to control microbial growth by targeting and denaturing cellular proteins, thereby killing or inactivating microbes. This method's effectiveness is quantified using parameters such as the thermal death point (TDP), thermal death time (TDT), and decimal reduction time (D value). TDP represents the lowest temperature at which all microorganisms in a liquid suspension are eliminated within 10 minutes, whereas TDT is the time necessary to achieve sterilization at a...
194

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Surface processes darkening the southwestern ice sheet of Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland).

Science advances·2026
Same author

Highly stable active core microbiomes in Greenland cryoconite holes during the bare ice period.

FEMS microbiology ecology·2026
Same author

Single-cell ionomes of terrestrial cryosphere algae.

Communications earth & environment·2026
Same author

Complete genome sequence of <i>Enterobacter ludwigii</i> strain GW isolated from barley seedling roots.

Microbiology resource announcements·2026
Same author

Seasonal thawing of high Arctic soils triggers selective microbial growth and predation.

mSystems·2026
Same author

Global hotspots of particulate organic carbon losses under climate change.

Nature communications·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Laser-Induced Fluorescence Emission L.I.F.E. as Novel Non-Invasive Tool for In-Situ Measurements of Biomarkers in Cryospheric Habitats
13:38

Laser-Induced Fluorescence Emission L.I.F.E. as Novel Non-Invasive Tool for In-Situ Measurements of Biomarkers in Cryospheric Habitats

Published on: October 26, 2019

8.0K

Active and dormant microorganisms on glacier surfaces.

James A Bradley1,2, Christopher B Trivedi2, Matthias Winkel2,3

  • 1Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.

Geobiology
|November 30, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Glacier microbes are highly active and can quickly resume activity after thawing. Their rapid response to changing conditions highlights their susceptibility to climate change impacts on glacial melt regimes.

Keywords:
activitydormancyextremophilesglaciericemicroorganismssnow

More Related Videos

Removal of Exogenous Materials from the Outer Portion of Frozen Cores to Investigate the Ancient Biological Communities Harbored Inside
09:06

Removal of Exogenous Materials from the Outer Portion of Frozen Cores to Investigate the Ancient Biological Communities Harbored Inside

Published on: July 3, 2016

8.1K
Establishment of Microbial Eukaryotic Enrichment Cultures from a Chemically Stratified Antarctic Lake and Assessment of Carbon Fixation Potential
14:38

Establishment of Microbial Eukaryotic Enrichment Cultures from a Chemically Stratified Antarctic Lake and Assessment of Carbon Fixation Potential

Published on: April 20, 2012

11.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Laser-Induced Fluorescence Emission L.I.F.E. as Novel Non-Invasive Tool for In-Situ Measurements of Biomarkers in Cryospheric Habitats
13:38

Laser-Induced Fluorescence Emission L.I.F.E. as Novel Non-Invasive Tool for In-Situ Measurements of Biomarkers in Cryospheric Habitats

Published on: October 26, 2019

8.0K
Removal of Exogenous Materials from the Outer Portion of Frozen Cores to Investigate the Ancient Biological Communities Harbored Inside
09:06

Removal of Exogenous Materials from the Outer Portion of Frozen Cores to Investigate the Ancient Biological Communities Harbored Inside

Published on: July 3, 2016

8.1K
Establishment of Microbial Eukaryotic Enrichment Cultures from a Chemically Stratified Antarctic Lake and Assessment of Carbon Fixation Potential
14:38

Establishment of Microbial Eukaryotic Enrichment Cultures from a Chemically Stratified Antarctic Lake and Assessment of Carbon Fixation Potential

Published on: April 20, 2012

11.5K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Glaciology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Glacier surfaces harbor diverse microbial communities.
  • These microbes face extreme conditions like temperature fluctuations and UV radiation.
  • Microbial dormancy is a survival strategy, but its extent on glaciers is unquantified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify microbial activity on glacial surfaces.
  • To investigate microbial responses to freezing, thawing, and freeze-thaw cycles.
  • To model microbial community dynamics in response to environmental changes.

Main Methods:

  • Metabarcoding and metatranscriptomic analyses.
  • Cell-specific activity (BONCAT) incubations.
  • Ecological modeling of microbial physiological states.

Main Results:

  • Over 50% of bacterial cells on snow and ice are translationally active.
  • Actinomycetota, Pseudomonadota, and Planctomycetota are dominant phyla.
  • Microbes resumed activity within 24 hours after thawing, even after freezing.

Conclusions:

  • Glacial microbial communities are highly responsive to short-term environmental changes.
  • Daily timescales shape glacier surface biology and biogeochemistry.
  • Understanding microbial activity is crucial for assessing climate change impacts on polar regions and astrobiology.