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Substrate-mediated hyperbolic phonon polaritons in MoO3.

Jeffrey J Schwartz1,2, Son T Le1,3, Sergiy Krylyuk4

  • 1Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)
|December 1, 2022
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Summary

Hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) in alpha-molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3) exhibit long lifetimes and propagation distances. Substrate engineering can enhance these properties for advanced nanophotonic applications.

Keywords:
2D materialshyperbolic materialsphonon polaritonsphotothermal induced resonancesub-wavelength optical confinement

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Area of Science:

  • Nanophotonics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) are light-matter hybrid excitations in anisotropic materials.
  • Two-dimensional materials like MoO3 offer potential for mid-infrared nanophotonics due to HPhPs.
  • HPhPs enable light confinement to sub-diffractional dimensions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the dispersion relations and lifetimes of HPhPs in single-crystalline α-MoO3.
  • To investigate the impact of substrate interactions and defects on HPhP propagation.
  • To explore substrate-defined nanophotonic structures using layered anisotropic materials.

Main Methods:

  • Photothermal induced resonance (PTIR) technique for nanoscale imaging.
  • Fourier analysis of real-space polariton images.
  • Characterization of MoO3 crystals on periodic gratings.

Main Results:

  • HPhP lifetimes up to ≈12 ps were measured in α-MoO3.
  • Suspended MoO3 regions showed ≈2× longer HPhP propagation lengths and lifetimes compared to substrate-contacted regions.
  • Subsurface defects and polymeric contaminants had negligible effects on HPhP propagation.

Conclusions:

  • Substrate engineering significantly influences HPhP propagation in α-MoO3.
  • Suspended structures enhance HPhP performance for nanophotonic applications.
  • PTIR is effective for characterizing HPhPs and material properties, including defects and contaminants.