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Pathogenesis of Terson syndrome.
1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
|December 1, 2022
Summary
Compression of the central retinal vein (CRV) is key to Terson syndrome (TS) pathogenesis. Releasing cerebrospinal fluid pressure can decompress the CRV and prevent vision loss.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Terson syndrome (TS) pathogenesis is debated.
- Understanding TS is crucial for preventing visual impairment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the pathogenesis of Terson syndrome (TS).
- To elucidate the role of central retinal vein (CRV) compression in TS development.
Main Methods:
- Experimental occlusion of the central retinal artery, posterior ciliary arteries, and CRV in rhesus monkeys.
- Fundus examination and fluorescein angiography before and after vessel occlusion and during follow-up.
Main Results:
- Central retinal artery occlusion led to retinal hemorrhages in 15 eyes.
- Posterior ciliary artery occlusion resulted in hemorrhages in 3 eyes.
- Central retinal vein occlusion caused extensive retinal hemorrhages in all affected eyes.
Conclusions:
- Compression of the CRV within the optic nerve sheath, due to elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressure or accumulated blood, is critical for TS pathogenesis.
- Optic nerve sheath decompression can alleviate CRV compression, restore circulation, and prevent vision loss.
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