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Factors influencing human papillomavirus school-based immunization in Alberta: A mixed-methods study protocol.
Jennifer Malkin1, Lisa Allen Scott1,2,3, Amanda Alberga Machado1
1Public Health Evidence and Innovation Division, Provincial Population and Public Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Plos One
|December 1, 2022
Summary
Human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization in Alberta faces challenges. Understanding parent and stakeholder perspectives is key to increasing HPV vaccine uptake and reaching elimination targets.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Immunization Programs
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Cervical cancer is largely preventable through human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization, yet Canadian coverage rates are below the 90% elimination target.
- School-based HPV immunization programs aim to increase uptake, but barriers and enablers require investigation.
- Alberta's school-based HPV immunization program is part of a national quality improvement initiative.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify perceived barriers, enablers, and opportunities for HPV immunization among parents/guardians and stakeholders in Alberta's school-based program.
- To inform evidence-based strategies for increasing HPV vaccine uptake, particularly in vaccine-hesitant populations.
- To contribute findings to a national effort to achieve the 90% HPV immunization coverage target.
Main Methods:
- A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design was employed.
- Quantitative survey data from parents/guardians (children aged 11-17) were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression.
- Qualitative data from in-depth interviews with vaccine-hesitant parents/guardians and focus groups with program stakeholders were analyzed thematically.
Main Results:
- Survey results identified key factors influencing parental decisions regarding HPV immunization.
- Qualitative findings provided in-depth understanding of barriers and enablers from parent and stakeholder perspectives.
- Analysis revealed associations between healthcare access framework constructs and immunization decisions.
Conclusions:
- Insights gained will guide Alberta's public health practitioners in tailoring the school-based HPV immunization program.
- Findings will support the development of targeted interventions to improve HPV vaccine uptake.
- This study contributes to national efforts to eliminate cervical cancer through increased HPV immunization coverage.
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