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Assessing Cortical Cerebral Microinfarcts on High Resolution MR Images
Published on: November 20, 2015
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Cerebral cavernous malformations: Typical and atypical imaging characteristics.
Danila Kuroedov1,2, Bruno Cunha1,2, Jaime Pamplona1,2
1Department of Neuroradiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal.
Summary
Cavernous malformations (CMs) are dynamic brain vascular lesions with unknown causes. This review covers CM imaging, diagnosis, and emerging insights into their etiology and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Vascular Biology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Cavernous malformations (CMs) are benign vascular growths in the central nervous system.
- These lesions exhibit dynamic changes in size and can be sporadic or familial.
- The etiology of CMs remains largely unknown, though genetic and microbiome factors are implicated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the imaging characteristics of cavernous malformations.
- To discuss differential diagnoses and optimal imaging strategies for CMs.
- To explore new insights into CM etiology, biomarkers, and treatment.
Main Methods:
- Review of imaging features based on size, location, and etiology.
- Discussion of diagnostic criteria and differential diagnoses.
- Synthesis of current research on CM mechanisms and treatment.
Main Results:
- CM imaging is typical but varies with age, location, and cause.
- Angiogenic, inflammatory, and hyperpermeability mechanisms are implicated in CM activity.
- Biomarkers and treatment strategies are under investigation.
Conclusions:
- CMs present diverse imaging findings requiring tailored diagnostic approaches.
- Understanding CM etiology and activity mechanisms is crucial for developing effective treatments.
- Further research into biomarkers and treatment options is needed for improved patient management.
