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Undiagnosed ventricular septal defect with resultant Eisenmenger syndrome presenting with diplopia

Ellen Duncan1, Adam Small2, Roxana Sulica3

  • 1Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America.

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|December 1, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This case report details a young man with an undiagnosed ventricular septal defect (VSD) who developed Eisenmenger syndrome. His initial symptoms of double vision were caused by strokes resulting from the condition.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Pediatric Cardiology

Background:

  • Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a common congenital heart defect in children.
  • Most VSDs are diagnosed and treated in childhood, preventing complications like pulmonary hypertension.
  • Undiagnosed VSD can lead to severe conditions such as Eisenmenger syndrome.

Observation:

  • This report details a young adult with a previously undiagnosed VSD.
  • The patient presented with diplopia, which was attributed to cerebral infarcts.

Findings:

  • The patient had developed Eisenmenger syndrome as a consequence of the uncorrected VSD.
  • Cerebral infarcts were identified as the cause of the patient's diplopia.

Implications:

  • Undiagnosed VSD in adulthood can lead to severe, life-threatening conditions such as Eisenmenger syndrome and stroke.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering congenital heart disease in young adults presenting with neurological symptoms.

Keywords:
Congenital heart diseaseEisenmenger syndromeVentricular septal defect

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