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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

187
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
187
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

3.1K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Decoding microRNAs in autism spectrum disorder.

Jinyu Li1, Xiaohui Xu1, Jiane Liu2

  • 1Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China.

Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators in the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), impacting neural functions. Research explores their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ASD.

Keywords:
ASDMT: Non-coding RNAsbiomarkerdisease modelingmiRNAtherapeutic strategies

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a congenital condition characterized by social dysfunction and stereotyped behaviors.
  • The pathogenesis of ASD is believed to involve a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their role in neural development and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) pathogenesis.
  • To explore the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for ASD diagnosis and prognosis.
  • To discuss miRNA-based therapeutic strategies for ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on miRNA involvement in ASD.
  • Analysis of data from various in vivo and in vitro models, including animal models, cellular models, and patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells.
  • Examination of preclinical studies on miRNA-based therapies.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs play a central role in the onset and progression of ASD by regulating key mRNA translation in neural development.
  • miRNAs influence ASD phenotypes through diverse regulatory mechanisms.
  • Evidence suggests miRNAs hold significant potential for ASD diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.

Conclusions:

  • miRNAs are critical regulators in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) pathogenesis.
  • miRNAs represent promising biomarkers for ASD and potential targets for novel therapeutic interventions.
  • Further research into miRNA-based strategies could lead to effective treatments for ASD.