Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
Patient...

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy

Capsule endoscopy, or wireless or video capsule endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure for examining the entire gastrointestinal tract. Patients swallow a capsule about the size of a vitamin tablet. The capsule is equipped with a transmitter, a battery, an LED light source, and a color video camera to capture images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This procedure is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, tumors, polyps, ulcers,...

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Gel Rolls Increase Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Radiation Exposure.

Journal of endourology·2023

Same author

Carbon Dioxide Pyelography: A Convenient and Safe Alternative to Both Room Air and Iodinated Contrast Pyelography During Endourologic Procedures.

Journal of endourology·2022

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Cone Beam Intraoperative Computed Tomography-based Image Guidance for Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Interbody Fusion

Cone Beam Intraoperative Computed Tomography-based Image Guidance for Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Interbody Fusion

Published on: August 6, 2019

Ultralow-Dose Intraoperative Computed Tomography During Endoscopic Stone Surgery: A Quality Improvement Project.

Xavier G Glover^1,2, Eric C Ballon-Landa^1,2, Mark D Sawyer^1,2

¹Surgical Services, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

Journal of Endourology

|December 2, 2022

Summary

Advanced intraoperative CT scans significantly reduced radiation exposure and the number of procedures for patients with large kidney stones. This technique improved stone-free rates, enhancing patient care and outcomes.

Keywords:

Artis Zeego intraoperative CT percutaneous nephrolithotomy stone-free rate ultralow-dose CT ureteroscopy

More Related Videos

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy

Published on: September 13, 2022

Reduction of Radiation Exposure during Endovascular Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease Combining Fiber Optic RealShape Technology and Intravascular Ultrasound

Reduction of Radiation Exposure during Endovascular Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease Combining Fiber Optic RealShape Technology and Intravascular Ultrasound

Published on: April 21, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Cone Beam Intraoperative Computed Tomography-based Image Guidance for Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Interbody Fusion

Cone Beam Intraoperative Computed Tomography-based Image Guidance for Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Interbody Fusion

Published on: August 6, 2019

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy

A Two-Step Method for Percutaneous Transhepatic Choledochoscopic Lithotomy

Published on: September 13, 2022

Reduction of Radiation Exposure during Endovascular Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease Combining Fiber Optic RealShape Technology and Intravascular Ultrasound

Reduction of Radiation Exposure during Endovascular Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease Combining Fiber Optic RealShape Technology and Intravascular Ultrasound

Published on: April 21, 2023

Area of Science:

Urology
Medical Imaging
Nephrology

Background:

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a common treatment for large kidney stones.
Minimizing perioperative radiation exposure and improving stone-free rates (SFRs) are key goals in kidney stone management.
Advanced intraoperative imaging techniques can potentially enhance surgical outcomes and patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effectiveness of advanced intraoperative imaging, specifically intraoperative CT (ICT), in improving care for patients with large kidney stones.
To assess the impact of ICT on reducing perioperative radiation exposure.
To determine the effect of ICT on stone-free rates (SFRs) and the number of surgical interventions.

Main Methods:

A quality improvement project involving 23 consecutive patients undergoing endoscopic stone surgery (PCNL and/or ureteroscopy) in a hybrid operating room.
Utilized an Artis Zeego Care+Clear™ system for robotic-armed multiplanar fluoroscopy with collimation to the kidney.
Implemented a proprietary CARE™ protocol for radiation dose reduction; a mobile CT scanner was used in two cases.

Main Results:

Thirty-one ICTs were performed with a median effective radiation dose of 1.39 mSv per scan, significantly lower than preoperative CT scans (12.02 mSv).
Overall longitudinal radiation exposure decreased by 83% compared to a historical PCNL cohort (15.80 to 2.68 mSv).
The final verified SFR was 87%, with a reduction in the mean number of procedures from 1.77 to 1.30 and a decrease in postoperative CT scans from 82% to 26%.

Conclusions:

Ultralow-dose ICT effectively improves SFR and reduces the number of staged treatments for large kidney stones.
ICT significantly reduces perioperative radiation dose for patients undergoing stone treatment.
The findings support the continued use of ICT to benefit patients with large kidney stones.