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Vascularized dental pulp regeneration using cell-laden microfiber aggregates.

Qingqing Liang1,2,3, Cheng Liang1,2,3, Xiaojing Liu1,2,3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.

Journal of Materials Chemistry. B
|December 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell-laden microfibers promote dental pulp regeneration by enhancing nutrient delivery and supporting stem cell survival. This novel approach using dental pulp stem cells and endothelial cells shows promise for clinical applications in regenerative dentistry.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Dental Research

Background:

  • Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) offer novel therapy for pulp necrosis but face challenges in oxygen and nutrient supply within root canals.
  • Existing methods struggle to support stem cell survival, self-renewal, and differentiation in the confined space of the root canal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore a novel strategy for dental pulp regeneration using cell-laden microfibers.
  • To fabricate GelMA microfibers supporting DPSC and HUVEC survival and proliferation.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of these microfibers for pulp regeneration in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of GelMA hydrogel microfibers encapsulating DPSCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) using a silicone-tube-based method.
  • Assessment of cell viability, proliferation, and marker expression (CD90, laminin, CD31, VE-cad) within microfibers.
  • Evaluation of liquid permeation in microfiber aggregates (MAs) and ectopic pulp regeneration assay in nude mice.

Main Results:

  • GelMA microfibers supported high survival and proliferation rates for both DPSCs and HUVECs.
  • Microfiber aggregates (MAs) demonstrated superior liquid permeation compared to hydrogel blocks.
  • In vivo assays showed MAs generated more pulp-like tissue, vasculature, and odontoblast-like cells compared to conventional hydrogel mixtures.

Conclusions:

  • Cell-laden microfibers represent a promising strategy for overcoming nutrient/oxygen supply limitations in dental pulp regeneration.
  • This approach enhances the formation of vascularized, pulp-like tissue and promotes odontoblast differentiation.
  • The study presents a novel solution for clinical translation of stem cell-based therapies for pulp regeneration.