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Pulmonary disorder induced by cross-linked polyacrylic acid
Yasuyuki Higashi1, Yasuo Morimoto2, Chinatsu Nishida1
1Department of Respiratory Medidatacine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan.
Journal of Occupational Health
|December 2, 2022
Summary
Cross-linked polyacrylic acid (CL-PAA) exposure in rats caused persistent lung inflammation and fibrosis. This suggests CL-PAA may induce harmful inflammogenic and fibrogenic effects in the lungs.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Polymer Science
- Pulmonary Medicine
Background:
- Organic polymers like cross-linked polyacrylic acid (CL-PAA) are ubiquitous in daily products.
- Emerging concerns link CL-PAA to potential serious lung disease.
- This study investigates the pulmonary effects of CL-PAA exposure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if intratracheal instillation of CL-PAA induces pulmonary disorders in rats.
- To evaluate the dose-dependent inflammatory and fibrotic responses to CL-PAA.
- To assess the temporal progression of lung injury following CL-PAA exposure.
Main Methods:
- Male F344 rats received low (0.2 mg/rat) or high (1.0 mg/rat) doses of CL-PAA via intratracheal instillation.
- Lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were analyzed at multiple time points (3 days to 6 months).
- Histopathological examination, cell counts, and biochemical markers (LDH, SP-D, CINC-1/2, HO-1, ALP) were assessed.
Main Results:
- A dose-dependent increase in inflammatory markers (neutrophils, LDH, SP-D, CINC-1/2) was observed in BALF up to 3 months.
- Persistent elevation of Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in lung tissue was noted from 3 days to 6 months post-exposure.
- Histopathology revealed significant inflammatory and fibrotic changes in lung tissue, persisting up to 3 and 6 months, respectively.
Conclusions:
- Intratracheal CL-PAA administration leads to sustained neutrophilic inflammation in rat lungs.
- CL-PAA exposure induced persistent fibrotic changes in lung tissue.
- The findings suggest that CL-PAA possesses significant inflammogenic and fibrogenic properties.
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