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Cardiac Structure and Function Phenogroups and Risk of Incident Heart Failure (from the Multi-ethnic Study of

Michael M Hammond1, Lindsay R Pool1, Amy E Krefman1

  • 1Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.

The American Journal of Cardiology
|December 2, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Cardiac phenogroups identified using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging predict heart failure (HF) risk in men. These data-driven groupings highlight differential HF risk, particularly in men, aiding in risk stratification.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Data Science

Background:

  • Cardiac structure and function indices like left ventricular (LV) mass and ejection fraction are linked to heart failure (HF) risk.
  • The clinical significance of grouping diverse cardiac parameters using data-driven approaches remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define distinct cardiac phenogroups using latent class analysis based on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) parameters.
  • To assess the association between these phenogroups and the risk of incident HF subtypes, stratified by gender.

Main Methods:

  • Latent class analysis applied to CMR data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants.
  • Gender-stratified Cox proportional hazard models used to evaluate phenogroup membership and HF risk, adjusting for confounders.

Main Results:

  • Four distinct phenogroups were identified in both men and women: ideal cardiac mechanics, higher output/hypertrophied LV, impaired ejection fraction/dilated LV, and higher output/hyperdynamic LV.
  • Men in three phenogroups (higher output/hypertrophied LV, impaired ejection fraction/dilated LV, higher output/hyperdynamic LV) showed significantly higher rates of incident HF compared to the ideal group.
  • No significant association between phenogroup membership and incident HF was observed in women.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac phenogroup membership, derived from CMR imaging, is significantly associated with incident HF risk in men.
  • Integrating CMR-derived variables may enable identification of differential HF risk in men, suggesting potential for targeted prevention strategies.

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