Exosomes: special nano-therapeutic carrier for cancers, overview on anticancer drugs

Chemotherapy drugs are the first line of cancer treatment, but problems such as low intratumoral delivery, poor bioavailability, and off-site toxicity must be addressed. Cancer-specific drug delivery techniques could improve the therapeutic outcome in terms of patient survival. The current study investigated the loading of chemotherapy drugs loaded into exosomes for cancer treatment. Exosomes are the smallest extracellular vesicles found in body fluids and can be used to transfer information by moving biomolecules from cell to cell. This makes them useful as carriers. As the membranes of these nanoparticles are similar to cell membranes, they can be easily transported to carry different components. As most chemotherapy drugs are not easily soluble in liquid, loading them into exosomes can be a suitable solution to this problem. This cancer treatment could avert the injection of high doses of drugs and provide a more appropriate release mechanism.