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Neutron time-of-flight detectors (nTOF) used at Sandia's Z-Machine.

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Neutron time-of-flight (nTOF) detectors measure key parameters in fusion experiments. This study details their use and calibration for inertial confinement and magnetized liner fusion research.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Fusion Science
  • Plasma Physics
  • Detector Technology

Background:

  • Neutron time-of-flight (nTOF) detectors are crucial for diagnosing fusion plasmas.
  • Sandia National Laboratories' Z-Machine utilizes these detectors for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and magnetized liner fusion (MLF) experiments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the application of nTOF detectors in ICF and MLF experiments.
  • To explain the inference of critical physics parameters using nTOF data.
  • To describe the fabrication, characterization, and calibration procedures for these detectors.

Main Methods:

  • Deployment of single-paddle, dual-paddle, and co-axial scintillation nTOF detectors.
  • Utilizing axial and 12° off-midplane lines-of-sight (LOS).
  • Detailed fabrication, characterization, and calibration protocols.

Main Results:

  • Successful inference of apparent fuel-ion temperature.
  • Accurate measurement of neutron yield.
  • Determination of magnetic-radius product (BR) and liner rho-r.

Conclusions:

  • nTOF detectors are effective diagnostic tools for Z-Machine fusion experiments.
  • The described methods enable precise measurement of key plasma and target parameters.
  • Detector performance is validated through rigorous characterization and calibration.