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The prevalence and relevance of patch testing with textile dyes
Lars Nijman1, Thomas Rustemeyer1, Sylvie M Franken1
1Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Contact Dermatitis
|December 3, 2022
Summary
Testing individual textile dyes alongside the Textile Dye Mix (TDM) is crucial for diagnosing textile dye allergies. This approach identifies more patients with clinically relevant reactions than TDM alone.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Allergology
- Contact Dermatitis
Background:
- The European baseline series (EBS) includes Textile Dye Mix (TDM), but its ability to detect all textile dye allergies is unconfirmed.
- Patients with suspected textile dye allergy require comprehensive diagnostic tools.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the additional diagnostic value of individual textile dye patch testing beyond the standard TDM.
- To determine if TDM alone is sufficient for identifying all patients with textile dye allergy.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 209 patients with suspected textile dye allergy underwent patch testing.
- Testing included the EBS, TDM-dyes, and non-TDM dyes between January 2015 and December 2021.
Main Results:
- 54 patients (25.8%) showed positive reactions to TDM or individual dyes.
- Disperse Orange 3 (9.6%) and Disperse Blue 106 (4.8%) were the most frequent allergens.
- 28 of 54 positive patients (51.9%) had clinically relevant reactions; no relevant reactions occurred solely from non-TDM dyes.
Conclusions:
- Individual textile dye testing offers significant added value to TDM in diagnosing textile dye allergy.
- Omitting individual dye testing would result in missing 46.3% of dye-positive patients and 35.7% with relevant reactions.
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