Microwave heating process of moderate-minced surimi based on multiphase porous media model

Moderately processed surimi products exhibit better nutrient retention and enhanced gels, and the great potential of microwaves application and changes in the way of chopping meat has been reported by previous research. In this study, a systematic analysis of the novel surimi product was made to explore the heat and mass transfer characteristics. A porous media model combining electromagnetic heat and hygroscopic expansion was developed to evaluate this process, and its accuracy has been verified experimentally. It was found that the dielectric characterization of multiphase mixture system has great influence on the results, the complex refractive index mixture equation was used due to its lowest root-mean-square error value. In addition, the effect of moderate processing on microwave heating was examined in terms of porosity changes. However, nonuniform temperature distributions were found in the higher porous samples, especially when the porosity is greater than 0.81. Moreover, the developed model was coupled with the evaluation for gel properties and the results showed the significant effect of moderate crushing on the gel quality during the microwave heating process.