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Spatial ability and anatomy learning performance among dental students.

Erli Sarilita1, Yurika Ambar Lita2, Dani Rizali Firman1

  • 1Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.

Korean Journal of Medical Education
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PubMed
Summary

Male dental students demonstrated higher spatial ability, while females excelled in anatomy. Spatial skills are important but not the sole predictor of dental student academic success.

Keywords:
AnatomyDental studentsSpatial navigation

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Dental Anatomy
  • Spatial Cognition

Background:

  • Spatial perception is a critical skill for dental professionals.
  • Understanding factors influencing dental student performance is vital for curriculum development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess spatial ability and anatomy module grades among Indonesian dental students.
  • To investigate the relationship between spatial ability, anatomy performance, gender, and academic cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 326 dental students.
  • Spatial ability assessed using the Revised Purdue Spatial Visualization Test (PSVT-R) and Mental Rotation Test (MRT).
  • Anatomy performance evaluated in 1st- and 2nd-year students; data analyzed for gender and cohort differences and correlations.

Main Results:

  • Significant gender differences in spatial ability favoring males (PSVT-R: p<0.001; MRT: p=0.001).
  • Females outperformed males in gross anatomy (p=0.005).
  • Weak to moderate significant correlations were found between spatial ability and anatomy scores.

Conclusions:

  • Spatial ability is not the sole determinant of dental student academic performance.
  • Students with lower spatial ability may benefit from targeted educational interventions for spatial tasks.