Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration in Patients with a Previous History of Biliary Tract Surgery
Published on: February 10, 2023
Robot-Assisted Common Bile Duct Exploration in Trinidad & Tobago
Shamir O Cawich1, Richard Spence2, Ramdas Senasi3
1Surgery, Port of Spain General Hospital, St. Augustine, TTO.
Abstract:
Although laparoscopic common bile duct exploration is a feasible and safe option for the operative management of choledocholithiasis, there has been a general reluctance to perform this procedure in Caribbean practice. This is largely because duct exploration is perceived to be difficult with laparoscopic instruments, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has become increasingly available. We report a case in which stones were extracted laparoscopically from the common bile duct, aided by the FreeHand® (Freehand 2010 Ltd., Guildford, Surrey, UK) robot, to show that the procedure is feasible and safe in the Caribbean environment.

