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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

187
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
187

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Microglia: Synaptic modulator in autism spectrum disorder.

Cong Hu1, Heli Li1, Jinhui Li1

  • 1Division of Child Healthcare, Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Frontiers in Psychiatry
|December 5, 2022
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Summary

Microglia, the brain's immune cells, play a key role in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) pathogenesis. Their dysfunction impacts neuronal connections and behavior, influencing ASD progression.

Keywords:
autism (ASD)microglianeurodevelopmentalsynapsesynaptic plasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by social communication deficits and repetitive behaviors.
  • Microglial dysfunction and neuroinflammation are increasingly implicated in ASD pathogenesis.
  • Microglia are crucial for brain function, including neuronal circuitry maintenance and behavior regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological interactions between microglia and neurons.
  • To highlight the role of microglia in synaptic development and function.
  • To discuss the influence of microglia on the progression of ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on microglia-neuron interactions.
  • Analysis of research linking microglial function to neurodevelopmental processes.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of microglia's role in ASD.

Main Results:

  • Microglia actively interact with neurons, modulating synaptic fate and function under physiological conditions.
  • Microglial dysfunction can affect neural functions, including synapse formation and excitatory-inhibitory balance.
  • Evidence suggests microglia significantly influence synaptic development and ASD progression.

Conclusions:

  • Microglia are integral to neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity.
  • Dysfunctional microglia contribute to altered neural function relevant to ASD.
  • Targeting microglial pathways may offer therapeutic avenues for ASD.