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Related Concept Videos

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Coupled Reactions

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Cellular processes such as building and breaking down complex molecules occur through stepwise chemical reactions. Some of these chemical reactions are spontaneous and release energy, whereas others require energy to proceed. Cells often couple the energy-releasing reaction with the energy-requiring one to carry out important cell functions. 
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A three-phase AC generator has a rotor with a rotating magnet placed within the stator mounted with the stationary three-phase winding to generate three-phase voltages via mutual induction. These windings are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the stator and are arranged 120 electrical degrees apart. Three-phase stator windings consist of three separate coils or groups of coils, known as phases, each connected in Y (star) configuration or Delta configuration.
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Generator voltage control is crucial for maintaining the stable operation of synchronous generators and wind turbines. In older models, a DC generator driven by the rotor delivers DC power to the rotor's field winding, and the power is transferred through slip rings and brushes. In the latest models, static or brushless exciters are used. Static exciters rectify AC power from the generator terminals and then transfer the DC power directly to the rotor. Brushless exciters, on the other hand,...
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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
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Carrier Generation and Recombination01:22

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Carrier generation is the process by which electron-hole pairs (EHPs) are created within the semiconductor. In direct-bandgap semiconductors, such as gallium arsenide (GaAs), this occurs efficiently when energy absorption prompts valence electrons to leap into the conduction band, leaving behind holes.
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DC Generator

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An alternator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy that varies sinusoidally, resulting in AC current. Meanwhile, a DC generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, which are DC pulses with the same polarity. The construction of a DC generator is similar to that of an alternator, except that the pair of slip rings is replaced by a single split ring, also called a commutator. The commutator functions like a periodic rotary switch; it changes the contacts with the...
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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

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Coupled generation.

Ben Dai1, Xiaotong Shen1, Wing Wong2

  • 1School of Statistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455.

Journal of the American Statistical Association
|December 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We introduce a novel coupled generator for instance generation, improving model interpretation. This method leverages both labeled and unlabeled data for higher accuracy in tasks like sentence categorization.

Keywords:
ClassificationNatural language processingNumerical embeddingsSemisupervised generationUnstructured data

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Area of Science:

  • Machine Learning
  • Natural Language Processing

Background:

  • Instance generation is crucial for interpreting machine learning models.
  • Leveraging large unlabeled datasets alongside limited labeled data is a common challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel coupled generator for instance generation.
  • To improve generation accuracy by combining indirect and direct generative methods.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a coupled generator using indirect and direct generators.
  • Indirect generator uses inverse probability with unlabeled data.
  • Direct generator learns instance distribution given a learning outcome.
  • Applied embedding-based regression/classification with unconditional RNN for indirect generation.
  • Utilized conditional RNN for direct generation.

Main Results:

  • The coupled generator combines benefits of both indirect and direct methods.
  • Achieved higher generation accuracy compared to individual generators.
  • Demonstrated effectiveness on a benchmark abstract classification task.
  • Generated relevant sentences describing specific topics.

Conclusions:

  • The coupled generator offers a robust approach for instance generation.
  • This method enhances model interpretability and data utilization.
  • The derived error bounds provide theoretical insights into generative aspects.