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A New Way to Think About Internal and External Validity.
1Department of Psychology, New Mexico State University.
Summary
This study re-evaluates internal and external validity, proposing a new framework integrating theoretical, statistical, and inferential assumptions. It argues the internal-external validity trade-off is false when focusing on underlying theories.
Area of Science:
- Research Methodology
- Scientific Validity
- Statistical Inference
Background:
- Decades of research have focused on internal and external validity.
- Ongoing discussions highlight the complexity and importance of these validity types in research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose a novel integration of internal and external validity concepts.
- To introduce a taxonomy of assumptions including theoretical, auxiliary, statistical, and inferential.
- To re-examine the perceived trade-off between internal and external validity.
Main Methods:
- Conceptual integration of validity definitions.
- Analysis of theoretical, auxiliary, statistical, and inferential assumptions.
- Literature review of recent exchanges on validity.
Main Results:
- A distinction between less and more important senses of internal and external validity.
- Demonstration that the internal-external validity trade-off is false for more important validity senses.
- Identification of a joint increase/decrease of internal and external validity with theoretical emphasis.
Conclusions:
- The proposed integration offers a nuanced understanding of research validity.
- Emphasis on underlying theories resolves the purported internal-external validity trade-off.
- Research practices and advice may need adjustment based on this integrated framework.
Keywords:
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