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Global changes in bladder cancer mortality in the elderly.

Jake Tempo1, Ting Wai Yiu2, Joseph Ischia2

  • 1Department of Surgery, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; Department of Urology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia.

Cancer Epidemiology
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Bladder cancer mortality is declining globally, but improvements are significantly slower in elderly patients compared to younger individuals. Further research is needed to develop effective bladder cancer treatments for older populations.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Bladder cancer is a significant cause of cancer mortality globally, with a mean age of diagnosis at 73 years.
  • Elderly patients often face limited curative treatment options for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
  • Investigating trends in bladder cancer mortality is crucial, especially concerning age-related disparities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze changes in bladder cancer mortality rates over 40 years across different global regions.
  • To assess disparities in bladder cancer mortality trends between elderly and younger patient groups.
  • To understand the relationship between socioeconomic factors and bladder cancer mortality improvements.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized bladder cancer mortality data from the World Health Organization's GLOBOCAN database.
  • Calculated age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) by year, sex, region, and Human Development Index (HDI).
  • Employed correlation analysis to examine the relationship between HDI and ASMR improvements across age groups.

Main Results:

  • Bladder cancer ASMR decreased in all age groups and sexes between 1986 and 2014.
  • Mortality reduction was less pronounced in elderly individuals (≥75 years) compared to younger populations (<75 years).
  • A positive linear relationship was observed between HDI and ASMR improvement, with the strongest correlation in the 60-74 age group.

Conclusions:

  • Bladder cancer mortality is not improving as rapidly in the elderly as in younger populations.
  • There is a critical need for research focused on enhancing and expanding bladder cancer treatment options suitable for elderly patients.
  • Addressing age-specific challenges in bladder cancer care is essential for reducing global mortality disparities.