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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Superconducting Circuits
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • Ternary quantum information processing (using qutrits) offers advantages over binary systems (qubits).
  • Transmon devices, commonly used as qubits, possess accessible higher energy levels suitable for qutrit operation.
  • High-fidelity single qutrit operations have been achieved, but two-qutrit entanglement remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer high-fidelity two-qutrit entanglement in fixed-frequency transmon devices.
  • To develop a flexible, microwave-activated method for dynamic entanglement.
  • To demonstrate the creation of essential quantum gates for ternary processing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the differential AC Stark shift to induce cross-Kerr entanglement between two transmon qutrits.
  • Employed microwave activation for dynamic control of the entanglement.
  • Extended existing ZZ interaction techniques from transmon qubits to qutrits.

Main Results:

  • Achieved flexible, microwave-activated, dynamic cross-Kerr entanglement between two transmon qutrits.
  • Engineered high-fidelity qutrit CZ† and CZ gates with estimated process fidelities of 97.3(1)% and 95.2(3)%, respectively.
  • Demonstrated a significant advancement in multi-transmon qutrit operation.

Conclusions:

  • The differential AC Stark shift is an effective method for high-fidelity two-qutrit entanglement in transmon devices.
  • This work overcomes a key challenge in realizing scalable ternary quantum information processing.
  • The demonstrated qutrit gates pave the way for more complex ternary quantum computations and simulations.