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Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

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Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
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Observational Studies01:11

Observational Studies

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Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
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Actuarial Approach01:20

Actuarial Approach

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The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
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Introduction To Survival Analysis01:18

Introduction To Survival Analysis

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Survival analysis is a statistical method used to study time-to-event data, where the "event" might represent outcomes like death, disease relapse, system failure, or recovery. A unique feature of survival data is censoring, which occurs when the event of interest has not been observed for some individuals during the study period. This requires specialized techniques to handle incomplete data effectively.
The primary goal of survival analysis is to estimate survival time—the time...
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Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

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Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
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Assumptions of Survival Analysis01:15

Assumptions of Survival Analysis

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Survival models analyze the time until one or more events occur, such as death in biological organisms or failure in mechanical systems. These models are widely used across fields like medicine, biology, engineering, and public health to study time-to-event phenomena. To ensure accurate results, survival analysis relies on key assumptions and careful study design.
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25 Years: Looking Back, Looking Forward.

Vyjeyanthi S Periyakoil1,2, Charles F von Gunten3, Susan Block4

  • 1Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Palliative care is a recognized medical specialty globally, but access varies due to resource limitations. Further research and collaboration are essential to improve symptom control and equitable access to palliative medicine.

Keywords:
accessfinancial incentive systemsfundingmedical educationpalliative carepalliative medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Palliative Medicine
  • Healthcare Systems

Background:

  • Palliative medicine has become a globally disseminated medical specialty over the past 25 years.
  • Despite formal recognition in many countries, significant variability exists in palliative care provision.
  • Resource allocation significantly impacts the development and accessibility of palliative care services.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the need for new research to enhance symptom control in palliative care.
  • To identify strategies for effectively implementing existing palliative care science.
  • To address barriers hindering equitable and easy access to palliative care for all patients.

Main Methods:

  • The study emphasizes the necessity of forging research collaborations across medical subspecialties and allied health disciplines.
  • It highlights the importance of partnering closely with patients and families to guide research and practice.
  • The need for critical self-reflection to overcome internal barriers within the medical community is stressed.

Main Results:

  • Palliative care dissemination is widespread but inconsistent.
  • Significant gaps remain in symptom management and equitable access to care.
  • Organizational structure and system change strategies are crucial for improving access.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is imperative to improve symptom management and optimize the implementation of palliative care science.
  • Enhanced collaboration with diverse healthcare professionals, patients, and families is vital for building a robust evidence base.
  • Overcoming internal barriers and focusing on system-level changes are key to integrating palliative care into routine healthcare globally.