Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 18, 2025

Author Spotlight: Developing a Bedside Protocol for Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasonography
03:19

Author Spotlight: Developing a Bedside Protocol for Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasonography

Published on: June 21, 2024

1.3K

Risk of Acute Kidney Injury Following Contrast-enhanced CT in a Cohort of 10 407 Children and Adolescents

Juan Calle-Toro1, Bernarda Viteri1, Lance Ballester1

  • 1From the Division of Body Imaging, Department of Radiology (J.C.T., B.V., A.W., H.J.O.), Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics (B.V., M.P.), and Biostatistics and Data Management Core (L.B.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Epidemiology, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile (J.C.T., H.A.G.P.); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (B.V., A.W., M.P., H.J.O.); and Division of Urology/Urooncology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia (H.A.G.P.).

Radiology
|December 6, 2022
PubMed

Insights

The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) after contrast-enhanced CT scans in children and adolescents is very low. Contrast media did not consistently increase AKI risk across patient groups in this study.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Nephrology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Limited data exist on contrast material-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in pediatric populations.
  • Previous studies in adults have questioned the link between contrast media and AKI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and risk factors of AKI in children and adolescents receiving intravenous iodinated contrast media for CT scans.
  • To analyze AKI rates based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and contrast exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 10,407 patients (aged 0-17 years) undergoing CT scans from 2008-2018.
  • AKI incidence assessed using AKI Network guidelines, comparing contrast-enhanced CT with noncontrast CT.
  • Propensity score matching and adjusted risk models (log-binomial generalized estimating equations) were used for analysis.

Main Results:

  • Overall AKI incidence was 1.5%; 1.4% in the contrast group vs. 1.6% in the noncontrast group (P=.18).
  • Higher AKI incidence observed in patients with eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m² in both contrast (8.5%) and noncontrast (2.7%) groups.
  • Age was protective (RR 0.96), and contrast media showed increased risk in subgroup analysis (RR 2.19).

Conclusions:

  • The incidence of AKI following contrast-enhanced CT in pediatric patients is low.
  • Contrast media exposure did not consistently elevate AKI risk across different patient strata and analyses.

More Related Videos

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion09:02

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion

Published on: February 2, 2021

4.5K
Anatomical Reconstructions of the Human Cardiac Venous System using Contrast-computed Tomography of Perfusion-fixed Specimens06:02

Anatomical Reconstructions of the Human Cardiac Venous System using Contrast-computed Tomography of Perfusion-fixed Specimens

Published on: April 18, 2013

11.8K

Related Concept Videos

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT01:30

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
340
Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
35
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
53
Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging01:19

Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging

DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
45
Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview

Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
120
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT

Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
57