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Green Algae

Green Algae

Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...

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Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.

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Overview of Algae

The kingdom Archaeplastida encompasses red and green algae, along with land plants. Unlike other protists with chloroplasts that arose through secondary endosymbiosis, only red and green algae originated from primary endosymbiotic events. This diverse group of eukaryotic organisms contains chlorophyll and performs oxygenic photosynthesis.Algae exist in various forms, from large brown kelp in coastal waters to green scum in puddles and stains on rocks or soil. Some species are responsible for...

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Updated: Aug 18, 2025

Coupling Carbon Capture from a Power Plant with Semi-automated Open Raceway Ponds for Microalgae Cultivation

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Published on: August 14, 2020

Microalgae biomass deconstruction using green solvents: Challenges and future opportunities.

Tirath Raj¹, Raj Morya¹, K Chandrasekhar²

¹Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.

Bioresource Technology

|December 6, 2022

Summary

Microalgae capture CO2 for biofuels and chemicals. Green solvents like ionic liquids show promise for efficient extraction, overcoming cell wall barriers in microalgal biorefineries.

Keywords:

Deep eutectic solvents Ionic liquids Lipids Microalgal biomass Pretreatment

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Experimental Protocol for Biodiesel Production with Isolation of Alkenones as Coproducts from Commercial Isochrysis Algal Biomass

Published on: June 24, 2016

Area of Science:

Biotechnology and Bioengineering
Renewable Energy
Green Chemistry

Background:

Microalgae convert CO2 into valuable biomolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins) via biochemical pathways.
These components can be processed into biofuels, chemicals, and materials.
Commercialization of microalgal biorefineries is hindered by recalcitrant cell walls and inefficient, non-green pretreatment methods.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe microalgal chemical structure, types, and cell wall rigidity.
To summarize traditional pretreatment methods for cell wall constituent extraction.
To evaluate green solvents (ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents) for microalgal biomass pretreatment and selective extraction.

Main Methods:

Review of microalgal chemical composition and cell wall structural properties.
Summary and analysis of conventional pretreatment techniques.
Exploration of green solvent systems (ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents, natural deep eutectic solvents) for biomass pretreatment.

Main Results:

Green solvents demonstrate potential for selective biocomponent extraction from microalgae.
Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents offer promising characteristics for biomass pretreatment.
Overcoming cell wall recalcitrance is crucial for efficient microalgal processing.

Conclusions:

Green solvents represent a viable alternative for microalgal pretreatment, enhancing component extraction.
Further research is essential for optimizing task-specific ionic liquid/deep eutectic solvent design, understanding their mechanisms, and assessing environmental impact (toxicity, biodegradability, recyclability).
Integrating microalgal cultivation with biorefineries can improve waste management, sustainability, and economic viability.