Peroxinitrite and Malondialdehyde as Biomarkers for Overactive Bladder

To measure urine malondialdehyde (MDA) and urine peroxynitrite (ONOO) levels in patients with overactive bladder (OAB), and compare them with healthy individuals; to determine the change of those markers in OAB patients prescribed antimuscarinic drugs.

An observational study.

The Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey, between August 2021 and February 2022.

Patients diagnosed with OAB (Group 1), and healthy controls (Group 2) were compared. Urinary MDA (µmol/L) and ONOO (µmol/L) levels were measured in all participants. The patients diagnosed with OAB were underwent antimuscarinic therapy with propiverine 30 mg. The levels of MDA (µmol/L) and ONOO (µmol/L) were reanalysed during the third month of antimuscarinic therapy. Patients with stress urinary incontinence, neurogenic bladder, pelvic organ prolapse stage ≥3 (POP-Q ≥3), interstitial cystitis (bladder pain syndrome), history of pelvic radiotherapy, symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction, Qmax <10 ml/sec for men and <15 ml/sec for women measured by uroflowmetry, and history of pelvic and incontinence surgery were excluded from the study.

There was no difference in the mean age and or gender distribution of the two groups (p=0.166 and p=0.774, respectively). While the mean MDA levels were significantly higher in patients with OAB, (3.34 ± 1.06µmol/L vs. 2.62 ± 1.45µmol/L, p=0.036), no significant change was detected in ONOO levels between the groups (1.03 ± 0.75 µmol/L vs. 0.71 ± 022 µmol/L, p >0.05). Although no significant change was detected in MDA levels after antimuscarinic therapy (3.50 ± 1.19 µmol/L, p=0.529), there was a statistically significant increase in ONOO levels (1.49 ± 1.45 µmol/L, p=0.013).

MDA might be used in the diagnosis of OAB, as a biomarker, similar to recent studies. ONOO was evaluated for the first time in the literature for the diagnosis of OAB, unfortunately, no significant outcomes were obtained. In addition, both MDA and ONOO had no role in monitoring antimuscarinic therapy.

Overactive bladder, Peroxynitrite, Malondialdehyde.