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Updated: Aug 18, 2025

Clinical Practice Protocol of Creative Music Therapy for Preterm Infants and Their Parents in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
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Is music the food of the anesthesia in children?

Sevtap Hekimoglu Sahin1, Ridvan Duran2, Umit Nusret Basaran3

  • 1Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Trakya Universitesi, Edirne, Turkey.

World Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|December 7, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Music therapy and earplugs did not significantly reduce postoperative delirium in pediatric patients. Ambient operating room noise, earplugs, and music therapy showed similar effects on emergence delirium.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pediatric Care
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Operating room noise can negatively impact cognitive function and increase perioperative anxiety.
  • Prolonged exposure to noise may affect patient outcomes.
  • Understanding noise impact is crucial for pediatric surgical care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of music therapy, earplugs, and ambient operating room noise on pediatric patients under general anesthesia.
  • To assess the impact on hemodynamic parameters and postoperative emergence delirium.
  • To compare interventions for managing operating room noise in pediatric surgery.

Main Methods:

  • 105 pediatric patients were randomized into three groups: ambient noise (N), earplugs (S), and music therapy (M).
  • Preoperative anxiety (M-YPAS), hemodynamic parameters (MAP, heart rate), and postoperative delirium (PAED score) were measured.
  • Noise levels were recorded using a sonometer during measurements.

Main Results:

  • Mean arterial pressure was significantly lower in the earplug group compared to the ambient noise group.
  • No significant differences in heart rate were observed among the groups.
  • Postoperative Pediatric Anesthesia Emergency Delirium (PAED) scores did not differ significantly between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Music therapy was not more effective than ambient noise or earplugs in reducing postoperative delirium in pediatric patients.
  • Earplugs may help lower mean arterial pressure during surgery.
  • Further research is needed to explore effective strategies for managing pediatric postoperative delirium.
Abstract

Keywords:
analgesiaanestheticschild healthchild psychiatry

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