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The relationship between oxygen therapy, drug therapy, and COVID-19 mortality
Ling Yang1, Guoxi Chen2, Yuyang Cai3
1Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Insights
Older age and male gender increased COVID-19 mortality risk. Low-flow oxygen therapy, however, was found to be a protective factor against in-hospital death in coronavirus disease 2019 patients.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019.
- Understanding risk factors for in-hospital mortality is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify risk factors associated with in-hospital death in COVID-19 patients.
- To evaluate the impact of different treatment regimens on mortality rates.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 185 COVID-19 inpatients treated between January 1 and February 29, 2020.
- Kaplan-Meier method used to analyze cumulative mortality rates.
- Cox proportional hazard regression model employed to determine risk factors and hazard ratios.
Main Results:
- Mortality was higher in older patients and males.
- Low-flow oxygen therapy was associated with lower mortality rates.
- Body mass index (BMI), high-flow oxygen, Lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV/r), and interferon-alpha plus LPV/r therapies did not significantly influence mortality.
Conclusions:
- Older age and male gender are significant risk factors for in-hospital death in COVID-19 patients.
- Low-flow oxygen therapy emerged as an independent protective factor against mortality.
- Certain treatment regimens, including LPV/r, showed no significant impact on survival outcomes.
Abstract:
Since December, 2019, Wuhan, China, has experienced an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a retrospective study of COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital (Wuhan, China) from January 1 to February 29, 2020. The subjects were divided into four groups due to different treatment regimes. We used the Kaplan-Meier method to determine the cumulative rates of in-hospital death and the Cox proportional hazard model to calculate the risk factors and corresponding hazard ratios. A total of 185 patients were included in this study. The median age of the patients was 62 years, including 94 men and 91 women. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that mortality was higher in older patients, higher in men, and lower in the low-flow oxygen therapy group. Body mass index (BMI) had no influence on mortality, as well as high flow oxygen therapy, Lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV/r) therapy, and the interferon-alpha add LPV/r therapy. Cox proportional hazard regression confirmed that the low flow oxygen therapy was independent protective factor for in-hospital death after adjusting for age, gender, and BMI. In conclusion, the mortality was higher in older patients, higher in men, and lower in the low-flow oxygen therapy group. BMI had no influence on mortality, as well as high flow oxygen therapy, LPV/r therapy, and interferon-alpha add LPV/r therapy.
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