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ACE2 Receptor Polymorphism and its Correlation with Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM Antibodies - A Case-Control Study
Anum Siraj1, Saira Yahya1, Amber Khan1
1Department of Biosciences, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology (SZABIST), 100-Clifton Karachi, Pakistan.
Background:
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic originated in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and spread rapidly worldwide. The virus gets entry into target cells via angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors and its gene is highly polymorphic.
Introduction:
The variations in SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and severity can be explained on a genetic level by studying the polymorphism in ACE2 receptor polymorphism.
Objective:
A prospective case-control study was designed to compare the ACE2 levels in SARS-CoV- 2 patients with the healthy controls in the local population, for which a total of 100 EDTA-containing blood samples were included (50 SARS-CoV-2 IgM positive case and 50 healthy controls).
Methods:
PCR-RFLP was performed to investigate the polymorphism of ACE2 in genomic DNA and the ACE2 plasma levels were determined through ELISA.
Results:
No significant difference in allelic and genotype frequencies (GG, GA, AA) were observed while the ACE2 plasma levels were found to be decreased in positive samples.
Conclusion:
No significant association of the ACE2 gene polymorphism (G8790A) was found with the SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility in the Pakistani population which intimates the search for other genetic factors within the local population.
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