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Related Concept Videos

Language Development01:22

Language Development

425
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
425
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

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Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
967

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Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
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Speaking Rate, Immediate Memory, and Grammatical Processing in Prelingual Cochlear Implant Recipients.

Sujin Shin1, Andrea Warner-Czyz2, Ann Geers2

  • 1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Redlands, CA.

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|December 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Prelingual cochlear implant (CI) users exhibit a slower speaking rate, particularly in sentence tasks, linked to their immediate verbal memory. This suggests memory impacts speech fluency in CI users.

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Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Cochlear implants (CIs) are vital for restoring hearing in individuals with prelingual deafness.
  • Understanding speech production in CI users is crucial for improving communication outcomes.
  • The relationship between speech fluency and cognitive factors like verbal memory in CI users requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare speaking rate between prelingual cochlear implant (CI) users and typical-hearing (TH) individuals.
  • To investigate the correlation between speaking rate and immediate verbal memory in CI users.
  • To explore the influence of syntactic complexity on speech production in CI users.

Main Methods:

  • 10 prelingual CI users and 10 age-matched TH participants repeated nonword strings, word strings, and center-embedded sentences.
  • Immediate verbal memory was assessed using digit span forward and backward tasks.
  • Speaking rate was analyzed using mixed-design ANOVA; correlations with digit spans were examined using Pearson correlation.

Main Results:

  • CI users demonstrated a slower speaking rate than TH peers during sentence repetition, but not for nonword or word strings.
  • For CI users, speaking rate in sentence tasks correlated significantly with both digit span forward and backward scores.
  • No significant correlations between speaking rate and verbal memory were found for the TH group.

Conclusions:

  • Slowed speech production in prelingual CI users is linked to reduced immediate verbal memory, especially in syntactic processing.
  • Immediate verbal memory, including central executive functions, appears to influence speaking rate in CI users.
  • Findings have implications for developing speech fluency therapies for CI recipients.