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Verbal deception in picture naming.

Eduardo Navarrete1, Marta De Pedis2, Anna Lorenzoni1

  • 1Dipartimento di Psicologia dello Sviluppo e della Socializzazione (DPSS), Università di Padova, Padova, Italy.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|December 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Lying involves deciding to deceive, suppressing the truth, and constructing a falsehood. Semantic and lexical factors of the true statement influence deception, but phonology does not.

Keywords:
Verbal deceptionlanguage productionlie productionpicture naming

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Verbal deception is a complex cognitive behavior.
  • Understanding the underlying cognitive processes is crucial for fields like psychology and law.
  • Previous research has explored various aspects of deception, but the specific influences of semantic, lexical, and phonological information remain under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cognitive processes involved in verbal deception.
  • To explore the influence of semantic, lexical, and phonological information on the decision to deceive, suppression of truth, and construction of falsehoods.

Main Methods:

  • A standard picture-naming task was employed.
  • Participants were instructed to make true and false naming statements about pictures.
  • Analysis focused on decision-making, response latencies, and the relationship between uttered words and target picture names.

Main Results:

  • Participants were more likely to lie when the target picture was less typical or familiar (semantic influence).
  • False naming was faster when the true name was frequent or acquired earlier (lexical influence on suppression).
  • No phonological influences were found between the uttered word and the target picture name.

Conclusions:

  • Verbal deception is significantly influenced by semantic and lexical variables associated with the true statement.
  • Cognitive processes of deception are modulated by the characteristics of the information being concealed.