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Hydroxychloroquine for treatment of COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled

Vinícius Ynoe de Moraes1, Alexandre Rodrigues Marra1, Leandro Luongo Matos1

  • 1Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil)
|December 8, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Hydroxychloroquine did not significantly reduce mortality in COVID-19 patients. This systematic review found no difference in mortality or serious adverse effects compared to standard care or placebo.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated rapid evaluation of potential treatments.
  • Hydroxychloroquine was investigated for its antiviral and immunomodulatory properties.
  • Evidence on its efficacy and safety in COVID-19 patients remained uncertain.

Approach:

  • A systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted.
  • Nine randomized controlled trials involving COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine versus placebo or standard care were analyzed.
  • Data on mortality and serious adverse effects were pooled using random-effects models.

Key Points:

  • No significant difference in mortality rates was observed between hydroxychloroquine and control groups (16.7% vs. 18.5%).
  • The rate of serious adverse effects was comparable between groups (3.7% vs. 2.9%).
  • Pooled risk ratios indicated no statistically significant benefit for hydroxychloroquine.

Conclusions:

  • Hydroxychloroquine is not efficacious in reducing mortality for COVID-19 patients.
  • The drug demonstrated no significant safety advantage over standard care or placebo.
  • Further research on hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 is not warranted based on current evidence.
Abstract

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