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Children's foot parameters and basic anthropometry - do arch height and midfoot width change?

Carles Escalona-Marfil1,2, Anna Prats-Puig3,4, Xavier Ortas-Deunosajut1

  • 1Sport, Exercise, and Human Movement (SEaHM) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences at Manresa, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Av. Universitària, 4-6, 08242, Manresa, Spain.

European Journal of Pediatrics
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children

Keywords:
Arch height indexBody compositionChildrenFoot morphologyFoot postureFoot posture indexMidfoot widthWeight status

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Podiatry
  • Biomechanical Analysis
  • Childhood Obesity Research

Background:

  • Overweight and obese children exhibit flatter feet based on footprint assessments.
  • Improperly fitted footwear affects a significant portion of the population (up to 72%).
  • Existing research indicates variations in foot morphology across different body weight categories in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate changes in foot posture and morphology with varying Body Mass Index (BMI) in children.
  • To compare the correlation between BMI and waist circumference (WC) with foot parameters like Foot Posture Index (FPI), Arch Height Index (AHI), and Midfoot Width (MFW).

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 575 children (mean age 7.42 years).
  • Assessment of foot morphometry (FPI, AHI, MFW) and body composition (BMI, WC).
  • Statistical analysis including linear regression to determine correlations between body composition and foot measures.

Main Results:

  • Significant increases in Arch Height Index (AHI) by 8.3% and Midfoot Width (MFW) by 13.6% were observed with higher BMI categories (p < 0.0001).
  • Both BMI and WC positively correlated with MFW, collectively explaining 64.8% of its variance.
  • Midfoot Width (MFW) demonstrated the strongest association with body composition parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Foot morphology, including FPI, AHI, and MFW, significantly differs across various BMI categories in children.
  • Waist circumference (WC) shows a stronger correlation with foot measures than BMI.
  • Midfoot Width (MFW) is the most sensitive foot measurement to changes in children's body weight, suggesting implications for footwear design.