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Published on: January 9, 2019
Epigenetic alterations in glioblastomas: Diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic relevance
Liliana Montella1, Mariella Cuomo2,3, Nunzio Del Gaudio4
1ASL NA2 NORD, Oncology Operative Unit, "Santa Maria delle Grazie" Hospital, Pozzuoli, Italy.
Abstract:
Glioblastoma, the most common and heterogeneous tumor affecting brain parenchyma, is dismally characterized by a very poor prognosis. Thus, the search of new, more effective treatments is a vital need. Here, we will review the druggable epigenetic features of glioblastomas that are, indeed, currently explored in preclinical studies and in clinical trials for the development of more effective, personalized treatments. In detail, we will review the studies that have led to the identification of epigenetic signatures, IDH mutations, MGMT gene methylation, histone modification alterations, H3K27 mutations and epitranscriptome landscapes of glioblastomas, in each case discussing the corresponding targeted therapies and their potential efficacy. Finally, we will emphasize how recent technological improvements permit to routinely investigate many glioblastoma epigenetic biomarkers in clinical practice, further enforcing the hope that personalized drugs, targeting specific epigenetic features, could be in future a therapeutic option for selected patients.
Insights
Glioblastoma treatments are advancing through the exploration of druggable epigenetic targets. Personalized therapies targeting specific epigenetic features offer future hope for glioblastoma patients.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Epigenetics
- Cancer Therapeutics
Background:
- Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain tumor with a poor prognosis.
- There is a critical need for novel and effective glioblastoma treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review druggable epigenetic features of glioblastomas.
- To discuss targeted therapies and their efficacy for glioblastoma.
Main Methods:
- Review of preclinical studies and clinical trials.
- Identification of epigenetic signatures, IDH mutations, MGMT methylation, histone modifications, H3K27 mutations, and epitranscriptome landscapes.
- Discussion of targeted therapies and their potential efficacy.
Main Results:
- Epigenetic alterations are key targets in glioblastoma research.
- Targeted therapies are being developed based on specific epigenetic biomarkers.
- Technological advancements facilitate routine investigation of glioblastoma epigenetic biomarkers.
Conclusions:
- Epigenetic modifications represent promising therapeutic targets for glioblastoma.
- Personalized drugs targeting specific epigenetic features hold potential for future glioblastoma treatment.
- Ongoing research and technological improvements are advancing personalized glioblastoma therapy.
