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Exploring Dyad-Based Communication During Cancer: A Pilot Study.

Martha E Francis1, Pranshu Mohindra, Kim Mooney-Doyle

  • 1Author Affiliations: School of Nursing, University of Maryland (Drs Francis and Mooney-Doyle); and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine (Dr Mohindra), Baltimore.

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Advanced cancer communication between patients and partners is challenging. This pilot study found that pre-existing dynamics and balancing hope with fear influence these conversations, especially regarding end-of-life discussions.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Psychology
  • Communication Studies

Background:

  • Effective communication between advanced cancer patients and intimate partners is crucial but often hindered by a lack of evidence-based data on dyadic communication dynamics.
  • Challenges in discussing disease treatment and end-of-life issues can significantly impact patient and partner well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and pilot a feasible model for assessing communication dynamics in cancer patient-intimate partner dyads.
  • To explore communication patterns before and after cancer diagnosis, including end-of-life discussions.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive phenomenological design was employed, utilizing the Bodenmann systemic-transactional model of dyadic coping.
  • Semistructured interviews were conducted with 7 patient-intimate partner dyads.
  • Qualitative data analysis involved the Colaizzi 7-step method for theme identification.

Main Results:

  • Two emergent themes were identified from 534 significant statements: (1) Vulnerable communication is shaped by pre-existing dynamics and the tension between hope and fear.
  • (2) End-of-life discussions are emotionally charged and influenced by individual perceptions of death.

Conclusions:

  • Studying dyad communication in advanced cancer is feasible.
  • Preliminary findings highlight the significance of dyadic communication in expressing clinical preferences.
  • Structured interviews can identify challenges and inform support strategies for dyads navigating advanced cancer care.