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Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

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Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
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Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

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Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
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Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

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Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
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Micronutrient Supplementation to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk.

Peng An1, Sitong Wan1, Yongting Luo1

  • 1Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|December 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Micronutrient supplementation, particularly n-3 fatty acids, folic acid, and coenzyme Q10, shows promise in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks. However, some supplements like beta-carotene may increase mortality, emphasizing the need for balanced intake.

Keywords:
cardiovascular diseasemeta-analysismicronutrientmineralsrandomized controlled trialtype 2 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Nutritional Science
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Healthy dietary patterns are rich in micronutrients, but their influence on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks has not been systematically quantified.
  • Quantifying the impact of micronutrients on CVD outcomes is crucial for public health.

Approach:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of 884 randomized controlled trials.
  • Involved 883,627 participants and evaluated 27 types of micronutrients.
  • Assessed effects on CVD risk factors and clinical events.

Key Points:

  • n-3 fatty acid, folic acid, and coenzyme Q10 supplementation demonstrated significant reductions in CVD mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, and all-cause mortality.
  • Supplementation with l-arginine, l-citrulline, vitamin D, magnesium, zinc, and various antioxidants also showed benefits for CVD risk factors.
  • Beta-carotene supplementation was associated with increased all-cause mortality, CVD mortality, and stroke risk.

Conclusions:

  • Specific micronutrient supplementation can benefit cardiometabolic health.
  • Highlights the importance of micronutrient diversity and balancing benefits against risks.
  • Essential for promoting and maintaining cardiovascular health in diverse populations.