Teaching Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder to Answer Questions Using an iPad-Based Speech-Generating Device

Area of Science:

• Applied Behavior Analysis
• Augmentative and Alternative Communication
• Developmental Psychology

Background:

• Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often face challenges in communication and question answering.
• Speech generating devices (SGDs) offer a potential avenue for enhancing communication skills in this population.
• Systematic instruction packages can be tailored to address specific skill deficits in children with ASD.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of a systematic instruction package for teaching question answering skills to children with autism using an iPad-based SGD.
• To assess the maintenance and generalization of acquired question answering skills.
• To determine the social validity of using SGDs for communication intervention among educators.

Main Methods:

• A multiple probe across behaviors design was employed with two children diagnosed with autism.
• The systematic instruction package incorporated graduated guidance, discrete trial teaching, time delay, and reinforcement strategies.
• Data collection included direct observation of question answering, follow-up assessments (1, 3, and 5 weeks), and social validity questionnaires for teachers.

Main Results:

• All participants successfully acquired the skill of answering all questions presented via the iPad-based SGD.
• Acquired question answering skills demonstrated maintenance over time and generalization to new settings and related skills.
• Teachers, including those new to SGDs, reported positive perceptions regarding the effectiveness and feasibility of the intervention.

Conclusions:

• The systematic instruction package proved effective in teaching question answering skills to children with autism using an iPad-based SGD.
• The intervention facilitated durable and transferable communication skills, highlighting the potential of technology-aided instruction.
• SGDs are a feasible and effective tool for enhancing communication in children with autism, supported by positive educator feedback.