The relationship between organising pneumonia and invasive mould disease in patients with haematologic malignancy

Moonsuk Bae1,2, Joon Seon Song3, Ji Yeun Kim2

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.

Mycoses
|December 9, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Molecular tests detected invasive mould infection in over a third of organising pneumonia cases in patients with haematologic malignancy. This suggests a link between fungal infections and this lung condition in immunocompromised individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Organising pneumonia (OP) is observed in hematologic malignancy patients with suspected invasive mould disease.
  • The relationship between OP and invasive mould disease requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify molecular evidence of invasive mould pneumonia in lung tissues of patients diagnosed with OP.
  • To explore the association between OP and fungal infections in immunocompromised patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of patients with hematologic malignancy and suspected invasive pulmonary mould disease who underwent lung biopsy.
  • Utilized PCR assays to detect Aspergillus- and Mucorales-specific DNA in paraffin-embedded OP lung tissue sections.

Main Results:

  • Fifteen of 47 patients (32%) were histologically diagnosed with OP; 3 had undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
  • Fungus-specific PCR detected Aspergillus- and Mucorales-specific DNA in 6 of 15 OP lung tissue samples (40%).
  • Three patients initially suspected of possible invasive mould disease were confirmed to have probable invasive pulmonary aspergillosis post-biopsy.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular evidence of invasive mould infection was found in over one-third of OP cases in patients with suspected invasive mould pneumonia.
  • These findings suggest a likely association with concurrent or prior fungal infections in this patient group.

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