Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

17.3K
Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
17.3K
CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

131
The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
131
CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

52.7K
Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
52.7K
The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR

88
CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
88
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

50.8K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
50.8K
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

6.1K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
6.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions for knee osteoarthritis in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Medicine·2026
Same author

ENO1 couples HDAC1 to regulate histone lactylation and gene transcription.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

DNA-PK-mediated CRTC2 phosphorylation promotes NHEJ and suppresses antitumor immunity via relocation to repair complexes.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Mortality risk associated with endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology·2026
Same author

Discovery and Enzymatic Regulation of Lysine Fumarylation, a Post-Translational Modification in Bacteria.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Allosteric activation mechanism of the type VII CRISPR-Cas system.

Nucleic acids research·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 18, 2025

Substrate Generation for Endonucleases of CRISPR/Cas Systems
11:53

Substrate Generation for Endonucleases of CRISPR/Cas Systems

Published on: September 8, 2012

27.4K

Target RNA-guided protease activity in type III-E CRISPR-Cas system.

Xiaoshen Wang1,2, Guimei Yu1, Yanan Wen1

  • 1The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.

Nucleic Acids Research
|December 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Type III-E CRISPR-Cas systems use Cas7-11 to target RNA. Target RNA recognition activates Csx29 protease activity, revealing a novel RNA-guided protein cleavage mechanism for potential applications.

More Related Videos

Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins
10:46

Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins

Published on: October 18, 2022

1.8K
CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis
10:40

CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis

Published on: April 25, 2022

2.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 18, 2025

Substrate Generation for Endonucleases of CRISPR/Cas Systems
11:53

Substrate Generation for Endonucleases of CRISPR/Cas Systems

Published on: September 8, 2012

27.4K
Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins
10:46

Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins

Published on: October 18, 2022

1.8K
CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis
10:40

CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis

Published on: April 25, 2022

2.5K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Microbial Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Type III-E CRISPR-Cas systems are recently discovered prokaryotic adaptive immune mechanisms.
  • These systems utilize a single Cas7-11 protein for specific RNA cleavage.
  • A frequent association between Cas7-11 and Csx29 (a putative caspase-like protein) suggests linked RNase and protease functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional relationship between Cas7-11, Csx29, and target RNA in Type III-E systems.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of Csx29's proteolytic activity.
  • To identify the substrate of Csx29 and its role in cellular processes.

Main Methods:

  • Biochemical assays to assess enzymatic activities of Csx29.
  • Structural studies to understand protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions.
  • In vitro experiments to analyze the effect of cognate and non-cognate target RNAs on Csx29 activity.

Main Results:

  • Target RNA recognition activates Csx29's proteolytic activity.
  • Csx30 was identified as the endogenous substrate of Csx29.
  • Non-cognate target RNA with a complementary 3' anti-tag sequence inhibits Csx29 activity.
  • Csx30 binds to the sigma factor RpoE, potentially initiating stress responses.

Conclusions:

  • The study elucidates the mechanism of target RNA-guided proteolysis by Csx29 in Type III-E CRISPR-Cas systems.
  • This RNA-guided protease activity is regulated by cognate and non-cognate target RNAs.
  • The findings provide insights into the biological role of Csx29 and Csx30, suggesting a link to cellular stress responses.
  • This work paves the way for novel applications utilizing this simple RNA-targeting system.