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Early developmental profiles among infants with Down syndrome.

S Onnivello1, E K Schworer2, M A Prince3

  • 1Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

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Infants with Down syndrome (DS) show varied developmental paths. This study identified three distinct early developmental profiles in DS infants, aiding early intervention strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatrics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Down syndrome (DS) is associated with developmental differences, but significant heterogeneity exists within the syndrome.
  • Understanding early developmental variations in infants with DS is crucial for targeted support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of distinct developmental profiles in infants with Down syndrome.
  • To identify factors associated with different developmental trajectories in early childhood.

Main Methods:

  • Bayley Scales of Infant Development III (Bayley-III) administered to 75 infants with DS (age 3.9-17.6 months).
  • Latent profile analysis used to identify developmental patterns across five domains.
  • Caregiver-reported developmental history and demographics collected.

Main Results:

  • Three distinct developmental profiles were identified: Mild Delay, Moderate Delay, and Pronounced Delay.
  • Chronological age, prior heart surgery, and occupational therapy were linked to profile membership.

Conclusions:

  • Early infancy reveals heterogeneous developmental presentations in Down syndrome.
  • These findings support personalized early intervention planning for infants with DS.